Multipolar magneto.



O. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNETO.- APPLICATIbN FILED DEC.24.1915.

1 ,256,796. Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET h ATTORNEYS O. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNET).

APPLICATION FILED 020.24.19l5.

1,256,796. Patented Feb. 19,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2' A T TORNE VS 0. HEINS.

MULTIPOLAR MAGNETO. APPLICATION H LEDDEC-M. 1915.

1,256,796. Patented Feb. 19, 1918..

3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES A rnruur onnrcn QTTC) HEINS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOBTO .BQEGH MAGFETQ CGMPANY, l

YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW "356E351 MULTIPOLAR MAGNETS.

Application filed December 534 1915}.

b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Orro HnINs, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at and whose post-oilice address is 336 5 West 88th street, NewYork city, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMultipolar Magnetos; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the .scustomary heretofore to use bipolar os 3 igf ing the combustionmixaernal combustion engines and err nt was satisfactory for the enginesoperating at ordieed, oecause the magneto and the n .Lcrefor operatedWell at crankv .t speed for four cylinders and at one id one hsli timescrank shaft speed for six cy odors. However, for eight or twelve derengines requiring a speed for a hipolar magneto of two or three timescrank haft speed, and also for high speed engines i cylinders operatingat 2500 to 1 the operation of the gearing satisfactory and the magneto 3miss on account of centrifon the rotatableelements nterrupter. vn".cntion is directed to a J magneto, that is, one in which and field havefour or more and the object is provide a .o of small size capable ofbeing attucced to an engine for actuation thereby at comparatively lowspeed, the arrangement 7 :ch that any number of poles may providedwithout departing from the 'al design. Such a magneto may be to directlyby the crank shaft of the g e, thus eliminating magneto gearing, anddistributing mechanism for distributas log the sparking voltagesgenerated in the secondary winding may be carried by the stable memberof the magneto and thereelin'iinate the distributing gearing also. Mycopending-United States application 50 filed on even date herewithdiscloses a multi: polar magneto having a field member comi of acontinuous series of permanent oi" U-form, whereas in the preferredaccordance with ,the in'vern he subject matter of this ap- Specificationof Letters Patent,

Patented Fehn 3 5i, Serial 160. 68,5

plication, the field member is composed of a plurality or bar magnetsmagnetically connected to pole pieces. Either the ture or the field maybe rotated to generate periodically reversing voltage in the pri marywindin r, and the mechanical interrupter is electrically connected tothe winding to alter the circuit thereof at appropri ate periods.Preferably, the armature poles are Wound with secondary windings also,so that high tension voltage suitable for pro ducing sparks at sparkgaps of jumpsparlit plugs may be generated directly in the magneto.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrao ing tl preferred construction inapplication a sin pole magneto for a twelve-cylinder four-cycle engine,wherein, as an example,

' the armature is rotatable and the distributor brushes are carried tiereby,

Figure 1 1s a longitudinal magneto on line ll of F 1g. 2;

Fig. 2 15 a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig, 3 represents development in plan of the field member;

l rg, 4% is an end elevation of the magneto he cover of the mechanicalinterrupts" section of the form arranged in three circularly efctendingseries I, ll, magnetically insulated from each other by being spacedapart. T he magnets of each series are alternatelyrcversed so thatadjacent ends of the magnets in the same series are of the samepolarity, 7 representing the poles of one sense, say north, and 7representing the poles of the opposite sense. (See Fig The pole pieces 8and 8, of soft iron, magnetically connect the adjacent ends 7 and 7,respectively, of the magnets, and form a continuous series of sixequally spaced poles of alternating polarity throughout and cooperativewith the armature poles 3. The pole pieces extend across the threeseries of lets, I, II, III, and each pole piece sued to to reduce thetendency of the magnetic fiux to pass around the field member withoutentering the armature, the adjacent ends of the magnets are separatedand the rear faces of the pole pieces 8 and 8 are recessed between theends. In this way, a multipolar permanent magnet field of much magneticstrength is obtained in a small space, while the leakage and divergenceof the flux from the armature is reduced.

The side plates 9 of non-magnetic mate rial, such as aluminum, abut theside facesof the outer series I and III of the magnets and are clampedthereto by cross bolts 10 which pass between the pole pieces. Each ofthe pole pieces is fastened by the screws 11 to the proper magnets atthe ends thereof, so that when the nuts on the ends of the cross boltsare screwed home, the entire field member is held rigidly in positionrelatively to the shaft 1, as a result of the fact that the side platesare rigid with the shaft bearings 12. The magneto is provided with abase or stand 13 depending from the side plates, and a strap let ofnon-magnetic material encircles the magnets. 'The magneto shown in thedrawing is about seven inches in diameter.

The mechanical interrupter for periodically interrupting the circuit ofthe primary winding 4: comprises the grounded interrupte; element 15 andthe insulated element 15, mounted for rotation with the armature, andthe six equallyspaced interrupter cams 16 carried by a normallystationary cam ring 17 provided in the well known way with means (notshown) for adjusting at will its circumferential position to advance orretard the period of ignition. The six primary coils e are connected inseries, one terminal being connected to the interrupter element 15 andthe other terminal being grounded. A coil condenser 18 is mounted faston the shaft 1, and is connected between the insulated interrupterelement and the ground.

The six secondary coils 5 are connected in series and the twoinsulated'terminals are connected respectively to the two springpresseddistributer brushes 19 and 19, which are carried by the armature forrotation therewith; There a series of spark plug distributing -:ontacts20 and 20 at each end of the armature cooperative with the indiin theindividual cylinders, as shown in Fig. 5. As in ordinary bipolarmagnetos for ignition systems, an ignition voltage is generatedsubstantially in the period in which the armature poles bridge thespaces between adjacent field poles, the circuit of the .primary windingbeing opened by the mechanical interrupter at the moment of ignition asa result of engagement between the deflecting interrupter lever 15 and acam 16. In each rotation of the magneto herein shown, this occurs sixtimes, and accordingly six ignition voltages are generated in thesecondary winding. During each period of ignition, the distributingbrushes 19 and 19 engage two spark-plug distributing contacts 20 and 20,and the sparks occur simul taneously at the two spark plugs connected inseries with the secondary winding at that time, the arrangement beingsuch that the piston of one of the cylinders in which a spark occurs isin the explosion stroke, while the piston of the other cylinder is inits exhaust stroke.

It will be apparent from the foregoing, that a magneto of the samegeneral design may be provided with 4, 8, 12 or other suitable number ofpoles, and, if desired, the magneto may be driven by the engine throughspeed change gearing, the number of poles being properly selected tofurnish ignition voltages at appropriate periods. It will also beapparent that, if desired, the type of magneto herein disclosed may beassociated with distributing mechanism of the ordinary kind driven fromthe magneto through two to one speed reducing gearing for four-cycleengines.

What I claim is:

1. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armaturehaving a generating winding, a mechanical interrupter electricallyconnected to the generating winding, and a field member composed of aseries of pole pieces coope'ating with the armature and a plurality ofseries of alternately-reversed bar magnets of arcnate form magneticallyconnected to the pole pieces, the magnets of one series overlapping themagnets of another series: substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

2. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armaturehaving a gen- .erating winding, a mechanical interrupter electricallyconnected to the generating ri s-sexes Winding, and c. fielcl nethercomposeri of 21 series of pole pieces ct inst-sting with the oriziti-zire and e plurality of oil sltcroll bar mag srcucte form in cterll e pole pieces,

being connectezi to pole pieces sepa o from each 0t we in the series byat least one other pole piece; substantially as and for the purposerlescrioeci,

3. In s multipolsr magneto electric 'gnit on systems an armature havinga. gen

omig Winding a mechanical interrupter c icolly connecteel to thegenerating c field member cornposecl of :1

- "ooperotihg' with the y series of alter ries of magnets oi ercusteform wherein each series is composed of two alternately reve *sedmagnets magnetically connected to opposite pole pieces and magneticallyinsulated from the remaining pole pieces.

5. In a 1Yl11ltl150lr magneto for electric ignition systems, onarmature, and s field member composed of a continuous series of polepieces cooperating with the armature and e plurality ofinsgneticsliyinsulstetl of her magnets, the magnets beingtilternstely-reversed; and overlapping the magnets eta difterent series,and the magnets of the different series being magnetically connected toditicrent pole pieces in such manner as to give them alternatingpolarity throughout. 6. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignitionsystems, an armature having rm chilly-disposed poles, and a ring fieldmemher composed of a continuous series of pole pieces cooperative withthe armature poles and a plurality of magneticslly-insulsted series ofCllCUlilllY-EXtQlldlHg bar magnets, the magnets of each series being trnately -reversed and overlapping those of another se ries, and themagnets of the dili'erent series being magnetically connected todifferent pole pieces in such manner asvto give them alternatingpolarity throughout.

7. In a uuiltipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature,and s field member therefor having a plurality of series ofcircularly-ester]ding barmegncts incl as continuous series of polepieces coo-per sting with the ("irmzrture the magnets of anal a con.nuous series of I v". i l 4 ignecs or m cuete lolrn eachbeing-alternstely-reversc6., anti the curls of each her magnet hcimagnetically connected to those poic pieces which ere separated fromeach other by other pole pieces for the purpose clcscriheCL- Q 8. In itniultipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature ineroherhzu ing projecting poles Wound with primary and secondary windings, eincchzinics. interrupter electrically connected to the primer whirling,and it held member having a phrrclity of magnetically insulated seriesof ternetely-reversecl magnets of exfol ate torn pole pieces each.magnetically connecting the magnets of lecterl series so as tocltcriiste in pole throughout the series.

.ln multipolcr magneto ignition systems on armature nierot projectingpoles Wo cl with. and. seconclcry Winrlings, s niechc te .Jupterelectrically connected. insry Winding incl 2;; lielcl iiiemhe pluralityof magnetically insu. of altersstclyreversed magnets of hate formwherein the magnets of one series over lap the magnets of anotherseries, micl so tinuous series of pole pieces msgiieticeliy connected tothe magnets so as to alternate in polarity throughout the series.

10. In a. inultipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, on armaturesn'tl fiehi member therefor having e plurality of se ries ofalternately-reversed magnets of custe form and series of pole piecestending across the magnets and niegneti czilly connecting certain of themagnets so as to alternate in polarity throughout the series, themagnets of each being or ranged end to end and the rec feces the polepieces being recessed; between the eel jsccnt ends of the magnets towhich they are connected.

11. In a inultipolar magneto ignition systems, an srnisturc membertherefor having a pluralit Y of series oi? alternately-reversed magnetsof srcustc form and it series of pole ieccs extenoling across themagnets in cooperation s ith the armature, each of said pole piecesmagnetically connecting the edjziccnt encls of certrain magnets andbeing magne ically insulated from the other magnets so es to at forelectric 'ternate in polarity throughout the 12, In c inultipoiormagneto for electric ignition systems, an armature, and s field. membertherefor having a plurality of series of alternately-reversed magnets ofsrculate form and pole pieces extending across the magnets incooperation with the ernmture and magnetically connecting adjacent enclsof certain magnets, each of said -pole pieces being recessed between theadjacent ones of those magnets to which it is magnetically seized and)also being recesses ocposite anal e field the other magnets so as to beinsulated therefrom.

13. In a multipolar magneto for electric ignition systems, an armature,and a field member therefor having three series of-alternately-rerersedmagnets of areuate form wherein the magnets of each series overlap themagnets of the other two series, and six pole pieces extending acrossthe magnets in cooperation with the armature, each of said 10 remaininseries so as to be ma neticall in- 15 sulated therefrom.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

OTTO HEINS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patent, Washington, D. C.

